Objective: Conjunctivitis is a common disease in neonates. Several bacterial and viral infectious agents may cause it. Tear circulation and blinking has protective effects from bacterial colonization in the conjuntival sac. Reduced blinking increases the possibility of bacterial conjunctivitis. We studied the effect of eye patches on bacterial colonization of the conjunctival sac.Methods: In 100 icteric neonates who needed phototherapy and occlusive patches for their eyes during the procedure we did conjunctival bacterial culture before and after 48 hrs after occlusive patches. The results of two cultures were analyzed with statistical tests, McNemar, chi- square and, binominal with SPSS V18 software.Results: In 100 neonates there were 51 (51%) males 49 (49%) females. The mean birth weight was 2578±736 g. Culture before ophthalmic patches showed 20 (20%) cases with positive conjunctival cultures and 76 cases (76%) with positive culture 48 hrs after use of eye patches.Conclusion: Eye patches during phototherapy increase bacterial colonization in the conjunctival sac. We must be aware of this complication during phototherapy.

A 33-year-old woman was visited at the dermatological clinic of Loghman-e-Hakim Hospital with multiple hypopigmented patches on her right arm, buttocks and flanks. Her lesions developed over the past year with no regression. Lesions were resistant to multiple antifungal therapies. Clinical examination revealed multiple circular or oval patches on the right arm, flank and sacral area. There was no erythema but fine scales were observed on the lesions. No cutaneous sensory deficit was detected and no abnormality was found on physical examination. Also, there was no family history of similar problems. Abdominal ultrasonography and chest x-ray were normal. We performed biopsy from one of the lesions.

In this paper, we consider a membrane with shape Ω which is fixed at its boundary. Assume the membrane is made using two different materials and its mass is prescribed. We need that certain regions (called patches) in Ω be made out of both materials in a way that the basic frequency of the resulting membrane is either minimal or maximal. ....

Background: Stress is a migraine trigger. Anxiety sensitivity as a mediator between stress and disease is one of the factors affecting the symptoms of migraine. Purpose of the present study was to assess the effectiveness of Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) on anxiety sensitivity in patients with migraine.Methods: In this semi experimental study, 36 patients with migraine were randomly divided into two groups: experimental and control. Patients of experimental group received EMDR therapy, 3 sessions of 90 minutes within three weeks. Control group did not receive any medical or psychological intervention. Participants in both groups were evaluated with Anxiety Sensitivity Inventory- Revised (ASI-R) during pre-test, post-test and one-month follow-up.Findings: The analysis of variance with repeated measures showed that eye movement desensitization and reprocessing reduces anxiety sensitivity (P<0.05) in patients.Conclusion: The results suggest that EMDR can be considered as one of the therapies for migraine headaches.

This research was carried out to study the effect of livestock grazing on dynamics of vegetation patches in rangelands of Incheh Boroun, North Gorgan plain. To achieve this goal, the dynamic parameters including the length of vegetation patches and bare area distances between consecutive vegetation patches inside and outside the enclosure were measured. First of all, a random point was selected outside the exclosure as starting point and then 11 transects with 50 meters length were placed in a randomized sequential order. The length of vegetation patches and free vegetation spaces were recorded along each transect. Sampling inside the exclosure was done similarly through setting up six 50-meter transect Results showed significant differences in length of vegetation patches, inter patches and ratio of vegetation patches length to inter patches length in both studied regions. Overgrazing outside the exclosure was considered for this result. Since environmental stresses reveal their impacts through changing the shape, frequency and size of vegetation patches, it seems that studying the length of vegetation patches and inter patches has high accuracy and can be done with relatively less time and costs. In addition, it could well represent dynamic changes of plants in response to environmental stresses and desertification process.

A broadband microstrip antenna based on log periodic technique was conceived and demonstrated practically. The antenna exhibits a wideband characteristic comparing with other microstrip antennas. Over the operation frequency range, i.e.2.5-6 GHz, a 50 W input impedance has been considered.